Anxiety

Anxiety is a normal and natural response to stress or perceived threats. It is an emotional state characterized by feelings of apprehension, fear, or worry that are often accompanied by physiological symptoms such as increased heart rate, rapid breathing, sweating, and muscle tension.

Assessment

1. Assess the level and causes of anxiety

Anxiety magnifies pain perception, interferes with coping techniques, and stimulates the release of aldosterone, which may increase sodium and water resorption. Some clients believe their expected role during labor is to be stoic and nonverbal, even in the face of intense pain. Others believe that expressing their discomfort by screaming or verbalizing it is expected. Assess each client individually to determine what level of comfort she feels is right for her during labor and how she feels most able to express discomfort.



2. Monitor FHR patterns and rhythm.

Alterations in FHR and rhythm may occur in response to contraction patterns. The normal range of FHR is 110-160 beats/minute. Monitor FHR frequently and time the frequency and duration of contractions.

Interventions and Rationale

1. Introduce the client to deep breathing exercises, muscle relaxation, and guided imagery

Help clients manage their anxiety symptoms, improve their coping skills, and promote relaxation and stress reduction.



2. Teach the patient cognitive-behavioural techniques to challenge negative thoughts

Help patients improve their overall wellbeing by promoting a more positive and realistic outlook on life.



3. Encourage the patient to engage in exercise, healthy eating, and adequate sleep.

Exercise, healthy eating, and adequate sleep can also help to improve mood. When the body is healthy, it is better able to produce neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, which are important for regulating mood